Theory - Rongi

Japanese: 論義 - ろんぎ

A term used in Buddhism and Japanese music. (1) In chanting, it refers to a form of question-and-answer in a certain format to clarify Buddhist doctrine. In Japan, the oldest example is the debate between Eon and Keisuke on the Sutra of Infinite Life in 652. It was later made into a ritual, and famous examples include the Hakke Hakko on Mount Hiei, the Yuimae on Nara, and the Tatejo on Mount Koya, which was adapted from the original. In addition to being used for memorial services and memorial services, it has also developed into a form of Tategi for the rank examination of monks. (2) The name of a small stage in Noh that incorporates the performance style of chanting. It is written as "rongi." In Noh, it is the name of a chant that is a form of question-and-answer style, but it does not necessarily refer to the dialogue between the characters. It refers to the part that is not a question-and-answer style but is based on the format. Usually, the jiutai speaks for the character who is asking the questions, and the jiutai finishes the performance. The melody has a regular beat and a flat rhythm, with upper tones dominating the piece.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

仏教および日本音楽の用語。 (1) 声明 (しょうみょう) において，仏教の教義を明らかにするため一定の形式によって行われる問答の形式をいい，日本では白雉3 (652) 年の『無量寿経』についての恵隠 (えおん) と恵資との論義が最古の例。その後，儀式化され，比叡山の法華八講，奈良の維摩会 (ゆいまえ) およびこれを移した高野山の竪精などが有名。供養，追善のためのもの以外に，僧侶の階級試験のための竪義 (りゅうぎ) などにまで発展した。 (2) 声明の演出形式を取入れた能の謡の小段名。「ロンギ」と書く。能においては，問答体の謡の名称であるが，必ずしも役の会話とは限らず，問答的内容でなくてもその形式によっている部分をいい，普通地謡が問いかける役の代弁をして，最後は地謡で終る。拍子合・平ノリのリズムで，上音を主体とした旋律である。

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