Ramanujan, Srinivasa (Aaiyangar)

Japanese: ラマヌジャン（英語表記）Ramanujan， Srinivasa (Aaiyangar)

Born: December 22, 1887, Erode
[Died] April 26, 1920. Mathematician born in Kumbakonam, India. He is said to have had an extraordinary memory even as a child. At the age of 15, he read George Shoebridge Carr's Treatise on Mathematics (2 volumes, 1880-86) which a friend had borrowed from the library, and not only internalized the contents, but also created his own theorems and developed his ideas. In 1903, he was offered a scholarship to the University of Madras, but he declined, saying that he had no intention of studying anything other than mathematics. After his marriage (1909), he became an accountant for a trading company in Madras. After publishing his first paper in the Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society in 1911, his talent gradually began to be recognized, and at the urging of local university professors, he began corresponding with Godfrey H. Hardy in England in 1913. With Hardy's help, he obtained a scholarship to Cambridge University, and in 1914 he went to England to be taught by Hardy. His research focused on number theory, and his papers were published in academic journals in the UK and Europe. He was self-taught and only had a limited knowledge of doubly periodic functions, quadratic forms, Cauchy's theorem, etc., and some of his proofs of theorems in prime number theory are incorrect. In 1918 he was elected a member of the Royal Society of London.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1887.12.22. エローデ
[没]1920.4.26. クンバコナム
インド生まれの数学者。子供の頃からけたはずれの記憶力をもっていたという。 15歳のときには，友人が図書館で借りたジョージ・シューブリッジ・カーの『数学通論』 (2巻，1880～86) を読み，その内容を自分のものにしただけでなく，彼自身の定理をつくり，アイデアを展開した。 1903年マドラス大学の奨学生となることを保証されたが，数学以外のものを勉強する気はないと辞退。結婚 (1909) ののち，マドラスの商事会社の会計係となる。 1911年にインド数学会誌に最初の論文を発表してから，才能がしだいに認められ始め，地元の大学教授らの勧めで，1913年イギリスのゴドフリー・H.ハーディと文通。ハーディの援助でケンブリッジ大学の奨学金を得て，1914年イギリスに行き，ハーディの指導を受ける。研究は整数論を中心とするもので，論文はイギリスやヨーロッパの学会誌に発表された。独学のため，知識は一面的で，二重周期関数，2次形式，コーシーの定理などについてはなにも知らないことから，素数理論の定理の証明のなかには誤っているものもあるという。 1918年にはロンドン・ロイヤル・ソサエティの会員に選ばれた。

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