…So, the unit of area has long been the square of the unit of length. For example, in ancient Rome, it was defined as the square of the Latin word pes, but apart from these, area units based on the ability system of (ii) were used in various places. The Latin word jugum means a yoke for an ox, and jungo means to make an ox work by putting a yoke on it. Jugerum, derived from these words, became the name of the area unit, and came to be called yoke in England, Joch, Juck, etc. in Germany. It is the area of land that a yoke-tied ox can plow in one day, but since it is difficult to reevaluate it in light of the state of agricultural work at that time, it is nearly impossible to determine the actual state of these area units. … *Some of the terminology that mentions "jugerum" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…そこで,面積の単位は,古くから長さの単位の平方(2乗)で,例えば古代ローマではラテン語でペスの平方と定められてきたが,それらとは別に,(ニ)の系統の能力方式による面積単位が各地各様に用いられていた。ラテン語ユグムjugumは牛につけるくびき,ユンゴjungoはくびきをつけて牛を働かせることを意味するが,これらの語から出たユゲルムjugerumが面積単位の名になり,イギリスではヨークyoke,ドイツではヨッホJoch,ユックJuckなどと呼ばれるに至った。くびきでつながれた牛が1日の間に耕すことのできる耕地面積といった内容のものであるが,当時の農作業のありさまに即して評価をし直すのは困難であるから,これらの面積単位の実態をつきとめることは不可能に近い。… ※「jugerum」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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