Assistant - Hosanin

Japanese: 補佐人 - ほさにん
Assistant - Hosanin

In legal proceedings, the term has different meanings in criminal proceedings and civil proceedings. In addition, the Diet's Testimony Act also contains provisions regarding assistants in the case of witness summons in the Diet.

[Ichiro Uchida]

Criminal prosecution counsel

A type of assistant to the defendant, who protects the defendant's interests and cooperates in the defense based on a personal relationship with the defendant. The defendant's legal representative, guardian, spouse, lineal relatives, and siblings may become assistants at any time by submitting written notification for each trial level. In principle, assistants may take any procedural action that the defendant may take, unless it is contrary to the defendant's stated will (Criminal Procedure Code, Article 42).

[Ichiro Uchida]

Assistant in civil litigation

An assistant is a person who appears at a hearing together with the party or its legal representative or attorney-in-fact, makes oral statements, and assists them (Civil Procedure Code, Article 60, Paragraph 1). In the old Civil Procedure Code, Article 88, it was written as "assistant." There are no restrictions on the qualifications of those who can become assistants, and anyone can become an assistant with the court's permission, but that permission can be freely revoked at any time by the court (Civil Procedure Code, Article 60, Paragraph 2). An assistant can only perform procedural acts if he or she appears at a hearing together with the party or its attorney-in-fact. Furthermore, the statement of an assistant takes effect directly against the party himself or herself only if the party or its attorney does not revoke or amend it (Civil Procedure Code, Paragraph 3).

[Takeyoshi Uchida and Tetsuo Kato]

Assistant under the Diet Testimony Act

In order to protect the human rights of witnesses summoned to the Diet, the 1988 amendment to the Diet Testimony Law allowed witnesses to appoint assistants with the permission of the Speaker or Committee Chair of each House or the Chairman of a Joint Committee of both Houses. Assistants are to be "selected from among lawyers," and can provide advice to witnesses on matters related to oaths and refusal to testify at their request (Diet Testimony Law, Article 1-4).

[Editorial Department]

[References] | Parliamentary Testimony Act | Witness summons | Guardian

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

訴訟上の用語としては、刑事訴訟と民事訴訟では意味が異なる。また、国会における証人喚問においても、議院証言法に補佐人についての定めがある。

[内田一郎]

刑事訴訟における補佐人

被告人の補助者の一種であり、被告人との身分関係に基づき被告人の利益を保護し、弁護に共働する者をいう。被告人の法定代理人、保佐人、配偶者、直系の親族および兄弟姉妹は、審級ごとに、書面による届出をして、いつでも補佐人となることができる。補佐人は被告人の明示した意思に反しない限り、原則として、被告人がすることのできる訴訟行為をすることができる(刑事訴訟法42条)。

[内田一郎]

民事訴訟における補佐人

当事者・法定代理人または訴訟代理人とともに、期日に出頭して口頭の陳述をなし、その者を補助する者をいう(民事訴訟法60条1項)。旧民事訴訟法第88条では「輔佐人」と表記していた。補佐人となりうる者の資格については、なんの制限もなく、だれでも裁判所の許可を得て補佐人になれるが、その許可は、裁判所において、いつでも自由に取り消すことができる(同法60条2項)。補佐人は、当事者またはその代理人とともに期日に出頭した場合にだけ訴訟行為をすることができる。そして補佐人の陳述は、本人たる当事者、または代理人が取り消し、または更正しない場合に限り、直接当事者本人に対して、その効力を生ずる(同3項)。

[内田武吉・加藤哲夫]

議院証言法上の補佐人

国会で喚問される証人の人権保護を目的として、1988年(昭和63)の議院証言法改正により、証人は、各議院の議長もしくは委員長または両議院の合同審査会の会長の許可を得て、補佐人を選任することができるようになった。補佐人は、「弁護士のうちから選任するようにするものとする」とされ、証人の求めに応じ、宣誓および証言の拒絶に関する事項に関し、助言することができる(議院証言法1条の4)。

[編集部]

[参照項目] | 議院証言法 | 証人喚問 | 保佐人

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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