Abbreviation for Petróleos Mexicanos. Founded in 1938 when the Mexican government nationalized the oil industry, which had been controlled by oil companies from the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Netherlands. Since then, it has monopolized all oil exploration, development, production, refining, sales, and export, and is Mexico's largest state-owned enterprise. Pemex's achievements as the first in the world to take on international oil companies head-on and successfully nationalize the company have had a major impact on nationalizations in Iran and other countries. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
メキシコ石油公社Petróleos Mexicanosの略称。1938年,アメリカ合衆国,イギリス,オランダの石油会社に支配されていた石油産業をメキシコ政府が国有化した際に設立された。その後,石油の探査,開発,生産,精製,販売,輸出のすべてを独占的に運営しており,メキシコ最大の国営企業である。世界に先がけて国際石油資本とまっこうから対決し,国有化を成功に導いたペメックスの実績は,イランなどにおける国有化に大きな影響を与えた。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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