French sculptor and art theorist. Born in Paris, he studied under Lemoyne and became an Academician in 1754. In 1757, he was appointed head sculptor at the National Porcelain Factory in Sèvres by Madame de Pompadour, where he supervised the production of biscuit (unglazed) statues that he had created himself until 1766. In this way, the essence of sweet and sensual French Rococo art spread throughout Europe. From 1766 to 1778, he was invited by Catherine the Great to St. Petersburg. The bronze equestrian statue of Peter the Great that he created there shows a dramatic and magnificent expression of the horse with its front legs raised and the emperor controlling it. He returned to Russia in 1780 after traveling in the Netherlands and other places. His argument that contemporary art is not inferior to ancient works is well expressed in his Treatise on Sculpture (1761) and in his correspondence with Diderot. [Kiyoo Uemura] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
フランスの彫刻家、美術理論家。パリに生まれ、ルモワーヌに学び、1754年アカデミー会員。57年、ポンパドゥール夫人によってセーブルの国立磁器工場の彫刻主任に任命され、66年まで、自ら原作を製作したビスキュイ(素焼)の彫像の生産を監督した。こうして甘美で官能的なフランス・ロココ美術の精華が、全ヨーロッパに広まることとなった。66~78年、エカチェリーナ2世の招きでペテルブルグに赴く。同地に製作したピョートル大帝のブロンズ騎馬像では、両の前足を高くあげる馬と、それを御する皇帝の姿に劇的で壮大な造形表現をみせている。オランダなどを経て80年帰国。『彫刻論』(1761)、またディドロとの往復書簡には、古代の作品に比べて当代の芸術は遜色(そんしょく)ないという、彼の主張がよく示されている。 [上村清雄] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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