Stone crab - Stone crab

Japanese: イシガニ - いしがに
Stone crab - Stone crab

This crab belongs to the family Portunidae, order Decapoda, class Crustacea, phylum Arthropoda. It is endemic to the Far East, distributed south of Tokyo Bay, the Korean Peninsula, China, and Taiwan. It lives in the intertidal zone of tidal flats and reefs, and in shallow waters, and is particularly common in inner bays. The meat is delicious, but this species, with a carapace width of about 6 cm, does not produce much meat, and it is not caught in large enough quantities to be shipped. Its color is dark green with irregular light-colored areas, but some individuals are tinged with blue or purple. Small individuals are covered with soft, short hairs, but mature individuals are smooth and shiny. The carapace is fan-shaped, and both the calyx and the front edge of the carapace are bordered with six sharp teeth. Its powerful claws have sharp teeth and it actively preys on small fish. There are 15 species in Japan that are closely related to it, including the striped crab Ch. feriata , which has a carapace width of 15 cm, and the beautiful red red crab Ch. miles . Of these, the two-spotted crab Ch. bimaculata , which has a carapace width of about 3 cm, is sometimes caught in large quantities from shallow waters and is sold as a seasoned delicacy.

[Masamichi Takeda]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

節足動物門甲殻綱十脚(じっきゃく)目ワタリガニ科に属するカニ。東京湾以南、朝鮮半島、中国、台湾に分布する極東地域の固有種。干潟や岩礁の潮間帯から浅海にかけてすみ、とくに内湾に多い。肉は美味であるが、甲幅6センチメートルほどの種で肉量が少なく、また出荷されるほど多量にとれない。色彩は暗緑色で、不規則な淡色部があるが、個体によっては青色ないし紫色を帯びている。小形の個体では柔らかい短毛で覆われているが、成長した個体では滑らかで光沢がある。甲は扇形で、額(がく)、甲の前側縁とも鋭い6歯で縁どられている。はさみ脚(あし)は強大で、鋭い歯をもち、小魚などを積極的に捕食する。近縁種は甲幅15センチメートルに達するシマイシガニCh. feriataや、赤くて美しいアカイシガニCh. milesなど日本産は15種である。そのうち、甲幅3センチメートルほどのフタホシイシガニCh. bimaculataは、浅海から多量に得られることがあり、味つけし珍味として販売されている。

[武田正倫]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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