Parini - Giuseppe Parini

Italian poet. Born near Como. Due to his poverty, he reluctantly took the priesthood in Milan. His first collection of poems, "Poems of Lipano Euripino," published in 1752, brought him instant fame in Milan's literary world. This work was strongly influenced by the Arcadian school, but Parini gradually broke away from that influence and became inclined toward the Enlightenment that was spreading in Europe at the time. In the prose poem "Dialogue on the Nobility," written in 1757, two dead men, a nobleman and a poet, buried in the same cemetery, talk about the privileges of the nobility, and eventually confirm the fundamental equality of human beings. This idea was carried over to his masterpiece, "One Day," a four-part poem consisting of "Early Morning" (1763), "High Noon" (1765), "Twilight" and "Late Night" (all published unfinished in 1801), in which, while appearing as a tutor instructing a young aristocrat on how to spend his day, he exposes the emptiness, corruption and vice of aristocratic society.

[Kyoko Washibira]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

イタリアの詩人。コモ近郊生まれ。貧しかったために、不本意ながらもミラノで聖職についた。1752年に発表した処女詩集『リパーノ・エウリピーノの詩選集』により、一躍ミラノの文学界に名を馳(は)せた。この作品はアルカディア派の影響を強く受けていたが、しだいにパリーニはその影響を脱して、当時ヨーロッパに広まっていた啓蒙(けいもう)主義に傾倒していき、57年に著した散文詩『貴族に関する対話』では、同じ墓地に埋葬された貴族と詩人の2人の死者が貴族の特権をめぐって語り合い、やがて人間の根源的な平等性を確認しあう。この思想は代表作『1日』――「早朝」（1763）、「真昼時」（1765）、「黄昏(たそがれ)」「深夜」（ともに未完のまま1801年刊）の四部構成の長編詩――に受け継がれ、家庭教師が貴族の若者に1日の過ごし方を教える体裁をとりながら、貴族社会の虚無と腐敗と悪徳とを明るみに出してみせた。

［鷲平京子］

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