Padova - Padova (English spelling)

Japanese: パドバ - ぱどば(英語表記)Padova
Padova - Padova (English spelling)

The capital of Padua Province in the Veneto region in northeastern Italy. Population: 203,350 (2001 census estimate). English name: Padua. Located on the Bacchiglione River, it is a transportation hub with highways and railways. Industry has also developed, especially in machinery, metals, chemicals, food, and textiles. The University of Padua, founded in 1222, is the second oldest in Italy after the University of Bologna, and Galileo served as a mathematics professor there from 1592 to 1610. The Church of Sant'Antonio (13th century), which contains the tomb of St. Anthony, is an important pilgrimage site. In addition, the city is home to many works of art and architecture from the Middle Ages to the Renaissance, such as the Scrovegni Chapel (14th century), known for Giotto's murals depicting the life of the Virgin Mary and Jesus, and Donatello's bronze masterpiece, General Gattamelata on Horseback (1453).

[Kenichi Sakai]

history

Founded in the 4th century BC, it developed while maintaining its relationship with Rome. During the Imperial period, it became a center of agriculture and industry, and was especially famous for its wool and textile production. It is also the birthplace of the Roman historian Livy. After being destroyed by the Goths and Huns, it was rebuilt with many privileges during the Carolingian period, and became a free city in the 12th century, but in 1318 it came under the control of the Carrara family. However, wool and silk textiles continued to flourish during this time, and this was the height of Padua's prosperity, with the current downtown area being built around this time. In 1405, it was incorporated into the Venetian sphere of influence, but its prosperity continued. After a short period of French rule, it became part of Austrian rule in 1797, and was unified into the Kingdom of Italy in 1866.

[Kanji Arizato]

Sant'Antonio Church
This church was built on the tomb of St. Anthony of the Franciscan Order. It was constructed between 1232 and 1307. The cupola (dome) reminiscent of an Islamic temple gives the church a unique appearance. Padua, Italy ©Shogakukan ">

Sant'Antonio Church


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

イタリア北東部、ベネト州パドバ県の県都。人口20万3350(2001国勢調査速報値)。英語名パドゥアPadua。バッキリオーネ川沿いに位置し、高速道路や鉄道の幹線が通る交通の要地である。工業も発達し、とくに機械、金属、化学、食品、繊維などの工業が盛んである。1222年に創設されたパドバ大学は、イタリアではボローニャ大学に次いで歴史が古く、1592年から1610年にかけてガリレイが数学教授を務めた。聖アントニウスの墓があるサンタントニオ教会(13世紀)は重要な巡礼地となっている。ほかに、聖母マリアとイエスの生涯を描いたジョットの壁画で知られるスクロベーニ礼拝堂(14世紀)、ドナテッロによるブロンズ像の傑作『ガッタメラータ将軍騎馬像』(1453)など、市内には中世からルネサンス期にかけての美術や建築が多数存在する。

[堺 憲一]

歴史

紀元前4世紀に建設され、ローマと関係を保ちつつ発展した。帝政期に農・工業の中心地となり、ことに羊毛と織物の産地として有名であった。またローマの歴史家リウィウス誕生の地でもある。ゴート人やフン人による破壊ののち、カロリング朝期には多くの特権を得て再興され、12世紀に自由都市となるが、1318年カッラーラ家の支配下に入った。しかしその間も毛織物と絹織物が盛んで、この時期はパドバの最盛期にあたり、現在の中心街はこのころに建造されている。1405年ベネチアの勢力圏に編入されるが、繁栄は続いた。短いフランス統治時代を挟み、1797年よりオーストリア領となったのち、1866年イタリア王国に統一された。

[在里寛司]

サンタントニオ教会
フランチェスコ会派の聖アントニオの墓廟の上に建てられた教会。1232~1307年の建造。イスラム寺院を思わせるクーポラ(ドーム)が、聖堂に独特の外観を与えている。イタリア パドバ©Shogakukan">

サンタントニオ教会


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