Pascal's triangle - Pascal's triangle

Japanese: パスカルの三角形 - パスカルのさんかくけい(英語表記)Pascal's triangle
Pascal's triangle - Pascal's triangle
The coefficients of a binomial expansion are arranged in a triangle. Here, and represent the number of combinations of choosing k from n (→ combinatorics). In Pascal's triangle, the right and left ends of each row are 1, and the sum of two adjacent numbers gives the number in the row below between those numbers. This is based on an equation. It also has several properties: (1) The sum of the squares of the numbers in the mth row is the central number in the 2 m -1 row. (2) If you subtract the number two adjacent to the central number in an odd-numbered row from the number in the middle of the row, you get a Catalan number. Here, the nth Catalan number is given by. For example, if you subtract the number two across from the number 70 in the middle of the 9th row, you get 42, which is equal to the 5th Catalan number. Pascal's triangle is named after the French mathematician Blaise Pascal.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
二項展開の係数を三角形状に並べたもの。ここで,であり,これは n 個から k 個を選ぶ組み合わせの数を表す(→組合せ論)。パスカルの三角形では,それぞれの段の右端と左端は 1であり,隣り合う二つの数の和として,それらの数の間にある一つ下の段の数が得られる。これは等式に基づいている。また,次のようないくつかの性質をもつ。(1) m 段目の数の 2乗和は,2m-1段目の中央の数になる。(2) 奇数段目の中央の数字からその二つ隣の数を引くと,カタラン数になる。ここで,n 番目のカタラン数はで与えられる。たとえば,9段目の中央の 70からその二つ横の 28を引くと 42であり,これは 5番目のカタラン数に等しい。パスカルの三角形の名称は,フランスの数学者ブレーズ・パスカルにちなむ。

出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報

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>>:  Pascal's Principle - The Principle of Pascal

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