brachiation

Japanese: brachiation
brachiation

…In humans, as well as monkeys, the arms function as the original organs of locomotion when walking on all fours or swimming in water (especially in infants). Some arboreal higher primates, such as gibbons, have a behavior called brachiation, which refers to a locomotion style in which they hang from tree branches with both arms and swing their bodies back and forth from tree to tree, just like the climbing ropes used in elementary school physical education classes. In this case, only the arms are the organs of locomotion. …

From [Exercise]

...Large birds can also glide without moving their wings, but many use updrafts to soar up and down.
[Arm brachiation]
Apes, among the primates, have a very unique way of moving. They hang from tree branches with their forelimbs and walk on their arms while swinging their bodies back and forth, a method known as "arm walking." It is said that this method prepared humans for the ability to walk upright on two legs.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "brachiation" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…サル類はもちろんヒトでも,四足で歩いたり(とくに幼児)水中を泳いだりする場合には,腕は本来の移動器官として働く。テナガザルなど一部の樹上性高等霊長類には〈腕渡りbrachiation〉と呼ばれる行動があるが,これはちょうど小学校の体育で行われる雲梯のように,両腕で木の枝にぶら下がり,体を前後に振りながら木から木へ渡っていく移動様式を指す。この場合には腕だけが移動器官になっているわけである。…

【運動】より

…大型の鳥も翼を動かさずに滑空することがあるが,多くの場合,上昇気流を利用して舞い上がったり舞い下りたりする帆翔soaringをしている。
[腕わたりbrachiation]
 霊長類のうちの類人猿は,ひじょうに変わった移動様式をもっている。前肢で木の枝にぶら下がり,体を前後に振りながら〈腕で歩いて〉いく〈腕わたり〉であり,これが人類の直立二足歩行の能力を準備したといわれている。…

※「brachiation」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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>>:  Brachial plexus

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