Nukata no Imatatari

A legal scholar from the early Heian period. In 822 (Kōnin 13), he was promoted to Junior Fifth Rank (Geju Goi no Ge). At the time, he was a doctor of Myōbō law. Until 826 (Tenchō 3), his surname was Kuni no Miyatsuko, and in 829, he was promoted to Junior Fifth Rank (Geju Goi no Ge), at which point he called himself Nukata Sukune. According to an official document from 826, Imatakari proposed that the provisions of the Ritsuryo Code be compiled as a "Ryōritsu Mondō Shiki" (Private Notes on Ritsuryo Codes) to provide a correct interpretation, as the texts are concise and cannot be understood without relying on the theories of previous scholars, but various theories differ and confusion has arisen. This was put into practice in 833 as "Ryō no Gige" (Interpretation of the Ritsuryo Code), but he seems to have died before it was completed. Imata's kanmon (courtesy notes) appear in such works as "Seiji Yoryu" and "Hosso Ruirin," and the "Nakama" theory in "Ryo no Shuge" is considered to be Imata's private record.

[Hiroko Shibata]

"On the Nukata Kuni no Miyatsuko Imataru, by Naokichi Niino" (Japanese History 260)" "The Biography of the Compiler of the 'Ryo Gikai' by Isao Tokoro" (Shisei 10)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

平安前期の法律学者。822年（弘仁13）外従五位下(げじゅごいのげ)に昇叙。時に明法(みょうぼう)博士であった。826年（天長3）まで姓は額田国造(くにのみやつこ)、829年従五位下に叙され、このときには額田宿禰(すくね)を称している。826年の官符によると今足は、律令条文は簡略ゆえ先学の説によらなければ理解が通じないが、諸説が異なって混乱が生じているので「令律問答私記」を撰んで正しい解釈を示すことを上申した。これは833年『令義解(りょうのぎげ)』として結実したが、完成以前に死去したようである。今足の勘文(かんもん)が『政事要略』『法曹類林(ほっそうるいりん)』などにみえ、『令集解(りょうのしゅうげ)』の「額」説は今足の私記とみなされている。

［柴田博子］

『新野直吉著「額田国造今足をめぐって」（『日本歴史260』）』▽『所功著「『令義解』撰者伝」（『史正　10』）』

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