A general term for the study of the language, history, and culture of the Slavic peoples. In the narrow sense, it can also mean the origins, interrelationships, and philology of the Slavic peoples. It began as philology in Czechoslovakia, Poland, and Russia in the 18th century, and in the mid-19th century, under the influence of Slavism, the emphasis shifted to research on the superior characteristics of the Slavic peoples compared to other peoples. At the end of the 19th century, coupled with the rise of nationalism, the characteristics of each Slavic people came to be emphasized. After World War II, a new direction of research emerged, centered around the Soviet Union, that asserted the historical friendly relations between the Slavic peoples of Eastern Europe. Meanwhile, in the United States and Japan, the emphasis is on research that also includes politics and economics as part of regional studies. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
スラブ諸民族の言語,歴史,文化などを研究する学問の総称。狭義にはスラブ民族の起源,相互関係,文献学の意味にも用いられる。 18世紀にチェコスロバキア,ポーランド,ロシアに文献学として始り,19世紀中頃になるとスラブ主義の影響もあって,他の民族に比べスラブ民族のすぐれた特徴の研究に重点がおかれた。 19世紀末には,ナショナリズムの運動と相まって,個々のスラブ民族の特徴が強調されるようになった。第2次世界大戦後はソ連を中心に東欧諸国のスラブ民族の歴史的友好関係を主張する研究の方向が出てきた。一方アメリカや日本などでは地域研究の一環として政治や経済も含めた研究に重点がおかれている。
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