Refers to peripheral nerve disorders caused by various factors. In general, the distinction from neuritis is not strict, and the terms are often used interchangeably. When multiple peripheral nerves are systematically affected, it is called polyneuritis (polyneuropathy), while when a single peripheral nerve is affected, it is called mononeuritis (mononeuropathy). The former is caused by systemic factors such as heredity, infection, allergy, poisoning, and metabolic abnormalities, while the latter is often caused by local inflammation, trauma, ischemia, and compression. In collagen diseases, multiple peripheral nerves can be non-systematically affected, and this condition is called multiple mononeuritis. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
各種の原因による末梢神経の障害をいう。一般に神経炎との区別は厳密でなく,混同して用いられることが多い。多数の末梢神経が系統的に侵されるものを多発性神経炎(多発性ニューロパチー)と呼び,単一の末梢神経が侵されるものを単神経炎(単ニューロパチー)と呼ぶ。前者は遺伝,感染症,アレルギー,中毒,代謝異常などの全身的な原因によって起こり,後者は局所の炎症,外傷,虚血,圧迫などによることが多い。また膠原(こうげん)病などでは非系統的に多数の末梢神経が侵されることがあり,多発性単神経炎と呼ばれる。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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