Naito Shinjuku

Japanese: 内藤新宿 - ないとうしんじゅく

The first post station on the Koshu road, located in the southern part of present-day Shinjuku Ward. One of the four Edo post stations. At Oiwake, the western end of the post station, the Ome Kaido branched off. In 1697, five people, including Kihei, the headman of Abegawacho in Asakusa, Edo, applied to the shogunate to open a post station, which was approved in 1698 and began its horse-drawn carriage service the following year in 1699. The new post station was established by dividing part of the lower residence of the Naito family, lords of Takato Domain in Shinshu, and hence the name Naito Shinjuku. It was two ri away from Edo Nihonbashi, and the next post station was Kami-Shimo Takaido, with Shimotakaido being two ri away and Kamitakaido being just over two ri away. It also served Nakanomura (present-day Nakano Ward) on the Ome Kaido. The post station was closed in 1718, but reopened in 1772. There are various theories as to why the inns were abolished, including that they had been turned into pleasure quarters by placing food sellers in them, which conflicted with the moral clean-up measures of the Kyoho Reforms, and that there were few patrons on the Koshu road. The post town was divided into Shimomachi, Nakamachi (Nakamachi), and Kamimachi from the east side near Yotsuya Okido, and the wholesale market moved between these three towns depending on the era. The inn had 25 people and 25 horses. There were also many tea shops and merchants, and after reopening, it was officially permitted to employ 150 food sellers, but the actual number was much higher, and during the Bunka era (1804-1818), it was said to be even more prosperous than Yoshiwara and Shinagawa. In 1843, there were 24 inns, 698 houses, and 2,377 people, and while the main inn was in Nakamachi, there was no side inn ("General Record of Inn Villages"). →Senju Post Town/Itabashi Post Town

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

現在の新宿区南部に形成された甲州道中の第１宿。江戸四宿の一つ。宿西端の追分(おいわけ)で青梅街道が分岐。1697年江戸浅草阿部川町名主喜兵衛など５人が幕府に宿の開設を願出，1698年に許可され，翌1699年から伝馬業務を開始。信濃高遠藩主内藤家の下屋敷の一部を割いて新しい宿が成立したので内藤新宿の名があるという。江戸日本橋からは２里，次宿は上・下の高井戸宿で，下高井戸宿までは２里，上高井戸宿まで２里余。ほかに青梅街道中野村（現中野区）などにも継ぎ送った。1718年に宿はいったん廃止となり，1772年に再開。廃止となった理由は，旅籠屋に食売(めしうり)女（飯盛女）を置いて遊里化し，享保改革の風紀粛正に抵触したから，甲州道中の利用者が少なかったからなど諸説がある。宿場は東の四ッ谷大木戸寄りから下町・仲町（中町）・上町に分かれ，問屋場は時代によってこの３町の間で動いた。宿建人馬は25人・25匹。茶店・商家なども多く，再開後は150人の食売女を抱えることが公許されたが，実数はこれよりも多く，文化年間（1804年−1818年）には吉原や品川宿をも凌ぐ賑わいとさえいわれた。1843年には旅籠屋24軒・家数698・人数2377，本陣は仲町にあるが，脇本陣はなかった（《宿村大概帳》）。→千住宿／板橋宿

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