Inner dojo - Naidojo

A Buddhist facility established in the Imperial Court. It was modeled after similar facilities in China. It is known that Buddhist ceremonies were held in the Imperial Court as early as the 7th century, but it is not clear whether they were held in a permanent facility, and it is possible that a temporary facility was established by placing embroidered Buddha statues and the like there. The first mention of this in historical documents is in the entry for June 18, 18th year of Tenpyo in the Shoku Nihongi, where Genbo, who had returned from China in the Tang Dynasty, was placed in the Naidojo. As Genbo lived in Sumi-no-in (Sumi-dera, now Kairyuoji), there is also a theory that this was the Naidojo. Dokyo, who was favored by Emperor Shotoku, was also a Zen master at the Naidojo. Because the monks who frequented the temple had the opportunity to have direct ties with the Emperor through their medical services, it is believed that the system of Ten Zen Masters (later known as the Naigubu Ten Zen Masters) was established in 772 (Hōki 3) to prevent collusion between the two parties. The Imperial Palace Shingon-in Temple, established in 834 (Jowa 1) at the request of Kukai, is a facility following this tradition, and held ceremonies to pray for the protection of the Emperor's body.

[Hongo Masatoshi]

"The Origin of the Inner Dojo in Japan" by Sonoda Koyo (included in "The History and Culture of Buddhism" edited by the Buddhist History Society, Dohosha Publishing, 1980)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

宮中に設けられた仏教施設。中国の同類の施設に倣ったもの。既に7世紀の段階から、宮中で仏事の修されたことが認められるが、常置の施設で行われたか否かは定かでなく、臨時に繍仏像(しゅうぶつぞう)などを安置して設けられた可能性もある。史料上の初見は、唐より帰朝した玄昉(げんぼう)を内道場に安置したというもので（『続日本紀』天平18年6月18日条）、玄昉が隅院(すみのいん)（隅寺、現、海龍王寺(かいりゅうおうじ)）に住したことから、ここが内道場であったとする説もある。称徳天皇の寵遇を受けた道鏡もまた、内道場の禅師であった。ここに出入りする僧は、治療の役割などを通じて天皇等と直接結び付く機会に恵まれた事から、両者の癒着を防止する目的で、772年（宝亀3）に十禅師（のちの内供奉(ないぐぶ)十禅師）の制が設けられたと考えられる。空海の奏請により、834年（承和1）に設置された宮中真言院がその流れをくむ施設であり、玉体護持を祈願する法会等が営まれた。

［本郷真紹］

『薗田香融著「わが日本における内道場の起源」（仏教史学会編『仏教の歴史と文化』所収・1980・同朋舎出版）』

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例