Tuyūl; Tiyūl

Japanese: トゥユール(英語表記)Tuyūl; Tiyūl
Tuyūl; Tiyūl
A form of land ownership in Iran. In it, the state granted the right to collect taxes on a certain amount of land to an individual as a salary or pension. From the 14th century, it was used to replace the traditional term iqta as a concept contrasted with the hereditary fiefdom of soyurgarh, which had the privilege of being exempt from taxes, and its owner was called tuyūl-dār. By the end of the 19th century, it had gradually become hereditary, but was abolished in 1907 by the Majlis (the Iranian National Assembly).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
イランの土地所有形態の一種。国家が一定の土地の徴税権を個人の俸給あるいは恩給として与えたもの。東トルコ語のティメック ti-mäkに由来し,14世紀以降,従来のイクターの語に代って,免税の特権をもつ世襲の封地ソユールガールと相対する概念として用いられ,その所有者はトゥユールダール tuyūl-dārと呼ばれた。 19世紀末までに徐々に世襲化の方向をたどったが,1907年マジリス (イランの国民議会) によって撤廃された。

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