Evacuation Order - Senkairei

Japanese: 遷界令 - せんかいれい
Evacuation Order - Senkairei

This policy was implemented by the Qing dynasty in 1661 to counter Zheng Chenggong and his descendants, who had formed a major anti-Qing force based in the southeastern coast of China. It is considered to be a stronger version of the Maritime Prohibition Order. It is said to have been applied to five provinces, mainly Fujian and Guangdong, including Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Shandong. Its content was to forcibly relocate coastal residents a certain distance inland, cutting off communication and trade between them and the Zheng clan, with the main aim of weakening the Zheng clan's economic activity. The evacuation order was strengthened several times afterwards, and although it had a certain effect, the economic blow it caused to coastal residents was great, so it was gradually relaxed from 1681 when the power of the Zheng clan weakened, and was finally lifted in 1684.

[Hidefumi Yamamoto]

[Reference item] | Haikin | Zheng Chenggong

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

中国、清(しん)朝が1661年、中国東南沿海を拠点に一大反清勢力を形成していた鄭成功(ていせいこう)およびその子孫に対抗するために実施した政策。海禁令をいっそう強化したものとして位置づけられる。適用された地域は福建、広東(カントン)を中心に江蘇(こうそ)、浙江(せっこう)、山東を加えた五省に及んだといわれる。その内容は、沿海住民を一定の距離だけ内地に強制移住させ、彼らと鄭氏との交通、貿易を遮断したものであり、それによって鄭氏の経済活動の弱体化を図ることを主目的とした。遷界令はその後数次にわたって強化され、一定の効果をあげたが、沿海住民のそれから被る経済的打撃は大きく、鄭氏の勢力が衰えた1681年からしだいに緩和され、ついに1684年に至って解除された。

[山本英史]

[参照項目] | 海禁 | 鄭成功

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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