Yin-yi (English spelling)

Japanese: 隠逸 - いんいつ（英語表記）yin-yi

A person who withdraws from worldly life and lives in seclusion. In China, people who hold fast to their ideals and way of life and do not hold public office were called 'imin' (recluses). Seven people, including Boyi and Shuqi, about whom Confucius adds commentary in the Weizi chapter of the Analects, are examples of this. Because 'imin' lived in seclusion while maintaining high aspirations, they were later called 'in'i' (recluses), and gradually came to be generally referred to as 'hermits'. An old example of seclusion can be found in the 'Song Shu' (Book of the Song Dynasty), where one such person is Tao Yuanming, who resigned from his job as a minor official with a low salary, because he could not accept it. While the motives for seclusion in China were political and social, the motives for Western hermits and Indian 'ṛṣi' were primarily religious.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

世俗の生活から身をひいて隠れ住むこと，またはその人。中国では，自己の理想や生き方を固く守って公職につかない人を逸民と呼んだ。『論語』微子編で，孔子が論評を加えている伯夷，叔斉ら7名がその例である。逸民は志を高くもち続けて隠れ住んでいたので，のちには隠逸と呼ばれ，次第に一般には隠者と称されるようになった。隠逸の古い例は『宋書』の隠逸伝にみられ，安月給の小役人として仕えることを潔しとしないで辞職した陶淵明はそのなかに含まれている。中国の隠逸の動機が政治的，社会的であるのに対して，西欧の隠者 hermitやインドの隠者 ṛ ṣ i は宗教的動機が主である。

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