An avant-garde literary movement that developed in Milan from the 1860s to the 1880s in Italy, by young republican writers who were disillusioned with the new state system led by the monarchy. It is also translated as the Scapigliatura. They were called Scapigliatura (meaning "people of eccentric behavior") because they rejected established values, advocated the supremacy of art, and lived a bohemian lifestyle. They aimed to overcome Romantic literature while rebelling against the scientific positivism that was dominant at the time. On the one hand, they wrote realistic works that denounced social injustice, but on the other hand, under the influence of Baudelaire, Nerval, and Poe, they pursued literary exploration of the tragic and bizarre that Italian Romantic literature had overlooked. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
イタリアで1860年代から80年代にかけて,王制による新国家体制に幻滅を感じた若い共和主義的作家たちによって,ミラノを中心に展開された前衛文学運動。蓬髪派とも訳される。彼らは既成の価値観を否定し,芸術至上主義を唱え,ボヘミアン的生活を送ったため,スカピリアトゥーラ(〈奇矯なふるまいの人々〉の意)と呼ばれた。彼らは当時支配的だった科学実証主義に反発しながら,ロマン主義文学の超克を目ざした。そこで一方では社会的不正義を糾弾するリアルな作品を書きながら,もう一方ではボードレール,ネルバル,ポーらの影響のもとに,イタリアのロマン主義文学が見過ごしてきた悲惨なもの,怪奇なものへ文学的探究を進めていった。
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