Surcot (English spelling) [France]

Japanese: シュルコ（英語表記）surcot[フランス]

In English, it is called a surcoat. It is an outer garment worn over a cot in the late Middle Ages, and there are many styles for both men and women. It originally started as a sleeveless outer garment worn over chain mail by Crusader soldiers to protect themselves from the intense heat of Asia Minor and Egypt. Eventually, it came to be used by commoners, both men and women, not only as military uniform but also as everyday wear like a jumper skirt. The surcot ouvert, a formal attire for aristocratic women, had a pulled-back hem, wide armholes, and was often decorated with fur or decorative buttons on the bodice.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

英語ではサーコートsurcoat。中世後期にコットの上に着た外衣で，男女とも多くの形式がある。もと十字軍の戦士が小アジアやエジプトの酷暑から体を保護するため，鎖帷子（くさりかたびら）の上につけた袖なしの外衣に始まる。やがて軍装ばかりでなく，ジャンパースカート状の日常着として，男女庶民の間に用いられた。貴族女性の盛装用のシュルコトゥベールsurcot ouvertは曳き裾で，袖ぐりを大きくあけ，胴着の部分に毛皮や飾りボタンをあしらうことが多かった。

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