Competitive substitution law

Japanese: 競争的置換則 - きょうそうてきちかんそく
Competitive substitution law

...Volterra (1926) and AJ Lotka (1932) were the first to apply theoretical considerations to this idea using mathematical models, but in 1934, GF Gause of the Soviet Union conducted the first detailed experimental study using yeast and paramecium, clearly demonstrating the phenomenon of one species driving out the other in interspecific competition, and this idea later came to be called Gause's law (hypothesis). There are objections to this name, and it is sometimes called the competitive exclusion law or competitive substitution law. There are criticisms that this hypothesis only holds true under extremely simplified experimental conditions and does not apply to organisms living under complex natural conditions, but this idea, including mathematical models, has played a huge role in the recent development of population ecology. ...

*Some of the terminology used in reference to the "principle of competitive substitution" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…数式モデルによってこのような考えに理論的な考察を加えたのはボルテラV.Volterra(1926)とロトカA.J.Lotka(1932)が最初であるが,1934年にソビエトのガウゼG.F.Gauseが酵母菌とゾウリムシを用いて初めて詳細な実験的研究を行い,種間競争によって一方が他方を駆逐してしまうという現象を明確に実証したところから,後にこのような考えがガウゼの法則(仮説)と呼ばれるようになった。この呼び方には異論もあり,競争的排除則あるいは競争的置換則と呼ばれることもある。この仮説はきわめて単純化された実験条件下でのみ成り立つもので,複雑な自然条件下で生活する生物には当てはまらないという批判もあるが,数式モデルも含めたこの考えが近年の個体群生態学の発展に果たした役割はたいへん大きい。…

※「競争的置換則」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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