Axolotl - Ahoro-toru (English spelling) axolotl

Japanese: アホロートル - あほろーとる(英語表記)axolotl
Axolotl - Ahoro-toru (English spelling) axolotl

A salamander of the family Ambystomatidae in the order Caudata in the class Amphibians. It is also called the Mexican salamander. Axolotl is an Aztec word that means water dog. They are found in large numbers in the lakes around Mexico City, and are eaten locally. This species spends its entire life without metamorphosis, and reproduces by sexually maturing in its larval form. This phenomenon is called juvenile maturation. It is about 20 centimeters long. Its entire body is black, but yellowish-white albino (albino) forms sometimes occur. It has three pairs of large, well-developed gills and relatively small limbs. It is easy to raise, so it is now raised in various countries as a subject for biological experiments.

The family Ambystomatidae is distributed in North and Central America and includes 4 genera and about 30 species. Many species in this family mature juvenilely, including the tiger salamander A. tigrinum , and are sometimes collectively called axolotls. The reason they do not metamorphose is thought to be due to a decrease in the amount or sensitivity of hormones involved in metamorphosis.

[Mitsuru Kuramoto]

Major species of salamanders and newts (specimen drawings)
©Yoshitaka Morikami ">

Major species of salamanders and newts [marks]


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

両生綱有尾目アンビストマ科のサンショウウオ。メキシコサンショウウオともよぶ。アホロートルとはアステカ語でwater dogに該当することばである。メキシコ・シティ周辺の湖に多く、現地では食用にする。本種は変態しないで一生を過ごし、幼生形のまま性的に成熟して繁殖する。この現象を幼形成熟という。全長20センチメートル前後。全身黒色であるが、黄白色のアルビノ(白化型)がときに生じる。3対のえらは大きく発達し、四肢は比較的小さい。飼育が容易であるため、現在では生物学の実験材料として各国で飼育されている。

 アンビストマ科は北アメリカと中央アメリカに分布し、4属約30種を含む。この科にはトラフサンショウウオA. tigrinumをはじめ、幼形成熟の種が多く、これらを一括してアホロートルという場合もある。変態しない原因は、変態に関与するホルモンの量や感受性の低下にあると思われる。

[倉本 満]

サンショウウオ、イモリのおもな種類〔標本画〕
©森上義孝">

サンショウウオ、イモリのおもな種類〔標…


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