It is an area of psychiatry related to laws such as criminal and civil law, and can be said to have developed along with psychiatric evaluation. Psychiatrists are involved in the interpretation and application of various legal provisions regarding mentally ill persons, and provide information. The main issues are determining the criminal responsibility of mentally ill persons under criminal law (insanity, mental impairment, culpability), determining capacity to act under civil law, and determining incompetence and quasi-incompetence. In Europe and the United States, forensic psychiatry has a long history, with much research having been conducted since the end of the 19th century and the field being well established, but in Japan, the number of courses and people interested in the field is still limited. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
刑法,民法などの法律に関連する精神医学の一領域で,精神鑑定とともに発達してきたともいえる。法律における精神障害者に関するさまざまの規定の解釈や適用に精神医学者が関与し資料を提供しており,刑法における精神障害者の責任能力の判定(心神喪失,心神耗弱(こうじやく),有責)や,民法における行為能力の判定,禁治産や準禁治産の判定などがおもな課題である。欧米では司法精神医学の歴史は古く,19世紀末以来多くの研究がなされ,領域も確立されているのに比し,日本では講座も興味をもつ者もまだ限られているのが現状である。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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