Dolj County (area 7,413 km2 , population 761,100 (1992 estimate)) in southwestern Romania. Located at the mouth of the Jiu Valley, where the Jiu River originates in the South Carpathians and flows into the Romanian Plain. Industrial and cultural center of western Romania. Built on the remains of an ancient Dacian fortress, it was the residence of the Governor (Ban) of Craiova from the 15th to the 18th centuries and the political center of the Wallachian Principality. In the 19th century, it developed as a distribution center for grain. After World War II, electrical machinery, agricultural machinery, and food processing factories and thermal power plants were built, completely transforming it into an industrial city. The largest railway and road junction between Bucharest and Timisoara. It has a theater with over 100 years of tradition, the Cathedral of St. Dumitru built in 1651, a university founded in 1966, and a museum. The city center was destroyed in the March 1977 earthquake, but has since been rebuilt. Population: 303,520 (1992 estimate). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
ルーマニア南西部,ドルジ県 (面積 7413km2。人口 76万 1100〈1992推計〉) の県都。南カルパート山脈に発するジウ川がルーマニア平野に出るジウ渓谷の入口に位置する。ルーマニア西部の産業,文化の中心地。町は古代ダキアの要塞跡に建てられ,15~18世紀にはクラヨバ総督 (バン) の居地で,ワラキア公国の政治の中心地となった。 19世紀に穀類の集散地として発展。第2次世界大戦後,電機,農機,食品加工の工場や火力発電所が建設され,工業都市として面目を一新。ブカレスト-ティミショアラ間の鉄道,道路の最大の結節点。 100年以上の伝統をもつ劇場,1651年に建設された聖ドゥミトル聖堂,1966年創立の総合大学,博物館などがある。 77年3月の地震で市の中心部が破壊されたが復興している。人口 30万 3520 (1992推計) 。
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