Rensho - Rensho

Japanese: 連声 - れんじょう

(1) A phonological phenomenon that existed in Japanese from the end of the Heian period to the Muromachi period. As in "sanmi (third rank)," "innen (fate)," and "setchin (hidden snow)," the a, ya, and wa sounds change to ma sounds when they are followed by m sounds, to na sounds when they are followed by n sounds, and to ta sounds when they are followed by t sounds. During the Muromachi period, the distinction between the glottal stops m and n was lost, and so the alternation of sounds into ma sounds became almost nonexistent. The alternation of sounds into ma sounds first arose within Chinese character compounds, as in the above example, but gradually spread to combinations with Japanese words, as in "konnitta (today)." However, in today's Japanese, it only remains in a few fixed words and has lost its productivity. (2) A translation of the Sanskrit word saṁdhī (sandhi), referring to the phenomenon of regular phonetic alternation in word formation and word sequence. When it occurs within a word between a root and an affix, it is called internal liaison, and when it occurs between adjacent words or between the components of a compound word, it is called external liaison. It is written as the sound that results from liaison. (3) Generally, the pronunciation of a sequence of words in a sentence differs from that of the individual words pronounced separately. For example, liaison in French.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

(1) 平安時代末期から室町時代まで日本語にあった音韻現象。「三位 (サンミ) 」「因縁 (インネン) 」「雪隠 (セッチン) 」のように，ア行，ヤ行，ワ行音が，m音に続くときはマ行音に，n音に続くときはナ行音に，t音に続くときはタ行音に替ること。室町時代には撥音のmとnの区別が失われたので，マ行音に替る連声はほとんどみられなくなった。連声はまず上例のような漢字熟語の内部で起ったが，次第に「今日は (コンニッタ) 」のように和語との結合にも及んだ。しかし，今日の日本語にはいくつかの固定した語に残っているにすぎず，生産力を失っている。 (2) サンスクリット語のサンディー saṁdhī(sandhi)の訳語で，語形成や単語連続において規則的にみられる音韻交替現象をさす。単語内部で語根と接辞の間に起るものを内連声 (ないれんじょう) ，連続した単語間ないし複合語の構成要素間に起るものを外連声 (がいれんじょう) と呼んでいる。連声の結果生じた音のとおりに表記される。 (3) 一般的に，文中の単語連続の発音が，その個々の単語を独立に発音した場合と異なる現象。フランス語のリエゾンなど。

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