A type of monetary value clause that is agreed upon in a contract to protect creditors in the event that the real value of monetary obligations, such as purchase prices, falls due to inflation or other reasons. This is a typical example. There are two types of gold clauses: gold coin clauses, which promise to pay in a specific gold coin issued by a specific country, and gold value clauses, which promise to pay an amount equivalent to the value of a specific number of gold coins or a specific amount of pure gold. Gold clauses are used in long-term contracts by their nature, but they have been widely used in international transactions, especially in contracts to issue public and corporate bonds, following the confusion of the monetary system after World War I. After World War II, their use has changed with the changes in the GATT (now the World Trade Organization = WTO) system. Some countries have enacted laws banning gold clauses, but it is generally believed that the effectiveness of such clauses should be determined by the governing law of the debt. [Takahiro Sawaki] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
売買代金などのように契約において約定される金銭債務について、インフレなどの理由からその実質的価値が下落した場合に、債権者を保護する目的で約定される貨幣価値担保約款の一種。これはその代表的なもの。金約款には、特定国の発行する特定の金貨で支払うことを約する金貨約款、および、特定数量の金貨または特定量目の純金の価値に相当する金銭額を支払うことを約する金価値約款の2種類がある。金約款はその性質上、長期的契約において利用されるものであるが、とくに国際取引において、第一次世界大戦後の貨幣制度の混乱を機として、公債・社債発行契約などに広く利用された。第二次大戦後はガット(現世界貿易機関=WTO)体制の変動とともにその利用状況も変化している。国によって金約款を禁止する法律を制定しているものもあるが、かかる約款の効力は、債務の準拠法によって決定されるべきであると一般に考えられている。 [澤木敬郎] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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