Chaos - Kaos (English spelling)

Japanese: カオス - かおす（英語表記）chaos

Non-periodic fluctuations that are difficult to predict appear in the deterministic world of Newtonian mechanics. Their existence was discovered in the 19th century in the exploration of many-body problems such as the motion of celestial bodies in the solar system, but since the 1960s, research has progressed in fields such as meteorology, which deals with fluids, and mathematical ecology, which considers the growth curves of living organisms. They are the core of complex systems science. They are sensitive to initial values, and even a slight shift in the initial value entered into the equation can greatly change the future of the system. This is called the butterfly effect, in the sense that even the flapping of a butterfly's wings can affect the weather at a distance. When chaotic variables are graphed, they do not converge to a single point or a single ring, but go back and forth. This trajectory is called a strange attractor.

(Akira Ozeki, Asahi Shimbun reporter / 2007)

Source : "Chiezo" published by Asahi Shimbun Publications Co., Ltd. About Chiezo

Japanese:

ニュートン力学の決定論世界に現れる予測困難な非周期変動。この存在は19世紀、太陽系の天体運動など多体問題の探究でわかったが、1960年代以降、流体を扱う気象学、生物の増殖曲線を考える数理生態学などで研究が進んだ。複雑系科学の核。初期値に対して敏感で、方程式に入れる最初の値を少しずらすだけで系の未来像が大きく変わる。これは、蝶のはばたきさえも遠くの気象に影響しうるという意味で、バタフライ効果と呼ばれる。カオスの変数をグラフにすると、1つの点や1つの輪に収束せず行きつ戻りつする。この軌跡がストレンジ・アトラクター。

(尾関章朝日新聞記者／ 2007年)

出典　(株)朝日新聞出版発行「知恵蔵」知恵蔵について　情報

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