Renoir, Pierre-Auguste

Japanese: ルノアール(英語表記)Renoir, Pierre-Auguste
Renoir, Pierre-Auguste
Born: February 25, 1841 in Limoges
[Died] December 3, 1919. French painter from Cagnes. A representative painter of French Impressionism. Born into a tailor's family, he moved with his family to Paris at the age of four and worked as an apprentice at the Sèvres porcelain factory. In 1862, he entered the studio of Charles Gleyre, where he became acquainted with Claude Monet and Alfred Sisley. He exhibited at the Salon in 1864 and 1865. He then joined the Impressionist painting movement, and participated in the first Impressionist exhibition in 1874, and exhibited three more times thereafter. He traveled to Italy from 1881 to 1882 and was influenced by classical painting, and from around 1883 he painted classical-style pictures with strict lines and pale colors. However, a few years later, a fresh sense of color appeared again, and he painted portraits and landscapes with rainbow, orange, and red as the main colors, developing and perfecting his own style as a colorist. From 1895-96 he began to paint more and more series of nudes, and in his later years he also began to produce sculptures, leaving behind images of voluptuous women. The villa Colette in Cagnes in southern France, where he lived during his lifetime, is now the Renoir Museum. His major works include "Ballet at the Moulin de la Galette" (1876, Musee d'Orsay), "Madame Charpentier and Children" (1878, Metropolitan Museum of Art), and "Bathers" (1918-19, Musee d'Orsay).

Renoir
Renoir, Jean

Born: September 15, 1894, Paris, France
[Died] February 12, 1979, Los Angeles, California, United States. French film director. Son of the painter Pierre-Auguste Renoir. Entered the film industry in 1924, and directed La Fille de l'eau (The Daughter of the Waters) in the same year. He subsequently established himself with films such as Nana (1926) and Toni (1934), and subsequently produced Le Crime de M. Lange (1936), La Vie est à nous (1936), Les Bas-fonds (1936), La Grande Illusion (1937), and La Règle du jeu (1939).He also made The Southerner (1945) in the United States, The River (1951) in India, Le Carrosse d'or (1952) in Italy, and Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe (1959) after returning to France.

Renoir
Lenoir, (Jean-Joseph-) Étienne

Born January 12, 1822 in Musselaville
Died: August 4, 1900, Saint-Irene, Lavarenne. French engineer of Belgian descent. In 1860, he succeeded in creating an internal combustion engine with no compression and electric ignition. Although this engine had low thermal efficiency, it was popular for its smooth operation and was widely used for pumping water and printing. In 1862, he built an automobile using this engine, but it took 2 to 3 hours to travel 10 km.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1841.2.25. リモージュ
[没]1919.12.3. カーニュ
フランスの画家。フランス印象派(→印象主義)の代表的画家。仕立屋の家に生まれ,4歳のとき一家でパリに移り,セーブル製陶工場で徒弟として働いた。1862年シャルル・グレールのアトリエに入り,そこでクロード・モネ,アルフレッド・シスレーらと交遊。1864,1865年サロンに出品。その後,印象派の絵画運動に加わり,1874年第1回印象派展に参加し,以後 3回出品。1881~82年イタリアへ旅行し古典絵画の影響を受けて,1883年頃から厳格な線描と淡い色彩による古典様式の絵を描いた。しかし数年後再び新鮮な色彩感が現れるようになり,虹色,オレンジ,赤を主調とした人物,風景を描き,色彩画家として独自の画風を発展,大成させた。1895~96年からしだいに裸婦の連作が多くなり,晩年は彫刻の制作にも携わって,豊満な女性像を残した。生前住んだ南フランスのカーニュの別荘コレットは,今日ルノアール美術館となっている。主要作品に『ムーラン・ド・ラ・ギャレットの舞踏場』(1876,オルセー美術館),『シャルパンティエ夫人と子供たち』(1878,メトロポリタン美術館),『浴女たち』(1918~19,オルセー美術館)などがある。

ルノアール
Renoir, Jean

[生]1894.9.15. フランス,パリ
[没]1979.2.12. アメリカ合衆国,カリフォルニア,ロサンゼルス
フランスの映画監督。画家ピエール・オーギュスト・ルノアールの息子。1924年映画界に入り,同年『水の娘』La Fille de l'eauで監督を務めた。以後『女優ナナ』Nana(1926),『トニ』Toni(1934)などで地位を確立,『ランジュ氏の犯罪』Le Crime de M. Lange(1936),『人生はわれらのもの』La Vie est à nous(1936),『どん底』Les Bas-fonds(1936),『大いなる幻影』La Grande Illusion(1937),『ゲームの規則』La Règle du jeu(1939)を発表し,アメリカ合衆国で『南部の人』The Southerner(1945),インドで『河』The River(1951),イタリアで『黄金の馬車』Le Carrosse d'or(1952),フランスに戻り『草の上の昼食』Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe(1959)などを撮った。

ルノアール
Lenoir, (Jean-Joseph-) Étienne

[生]1822.1.12. ミュシーラビル
[没]1900.8.4. ラバレンヌサンイレーヌ
ベルギー系のフランスの技術者。 1860年,無圧縮・電気点火方式の内燃機関の製作に成功。この機関は熱効率は低かったが,運転が円滑で評判がよく,揚水や印刷などに,広く用いられた。 62年にはこの機関を用いて自動車をつくったが,10km走るのに2~3時間かかった。

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