Kisei Main Line - Kisei Main Line

Japanese: 紀勢本線 - きせいほんせん
Kisei Main Line - Kisei Main Line

The name of the JR line that runs along the coast of Wakayama Prefecture and eastern Mie Prefecture. The 180.2 km section between Kameyama and Shingu belongs to Central Japan Railway Company, and the 204.0 km section between Shingu and Wakayama City belongs to West Japan Railway Company. Only the Kiitanabe-Wakayama section is double tracked. The Shingu-Wakayama section was electrified with direct current in 1978. It runs along the coast of the Kii Peninsula, and along the line are cities such as Kainan, Arita, Gobo, Tanabe, Shingu, Kumano, Owase, Matsusaka, and Tsu, as well as tourist destinations that are part of Yoshino-Kumano National Park. Its construction took an extremely long time, taking 68 years from opening to completion. The Kameyama-Tsu section was opened by the Kansai Railway in 1891 (Meiji 24), and the Tsu-Taki (formerly Oukaguchi) section was opened by the Sangu Railway in 1893, both of which were nationalized in 1907 (becoming part of the Sangu Line in 1909). The Shingu-Kii Katsuura section was opened by the Shingu Railway between 1912 and 1913 (Taisho 1-2), and was nationalized in 1934 (Showa 9) to become the Kiseichu Line. In the mid-Taisho period, it was decided to build a railway along the coast of the Kii Peninsula, which was dependent on coastal shipping routes, and construction began in 1920 from Aikaguchi (now Taki), and the following year from Wakayama (now Kiwa). After nationalization, the Kisei Central Line, which included a partial reconstruction of the route, was opened between Wakayama and Kii-Kinomoto (now Kumano City) between 1924 and 1940 (Kisei West Line), and between Aikaguchi and Owase between 1923 and 1934 (Kisei East Line). Construction was halted for a time during World War II, but resumed after the war in 1952 (Showa 27), and the remaining section between Owase and Kii-Kimoto was opened between 1956 and 1959, completing the line. When the line was completed, the section between Kameyama and Wakayama, including the Sangu Line's Kameyama-Taki section, became the Kisei Main Line, and in 1972, the Wakayama Line's Kiwa-Wakayamashi section was incorporated to form the current section. Express trains began to run directly from Tennoji via the Hanwa Line, but as there are many sharp curves along the way, a special pendulum train is used. In 1987, with the privatization of Japanese National Railways, the line was divided and assigned to both Central Japan Railway Company and West Japan Railway Company. The section between Shingu and Wakayama is nicknamed the Kinokuni Line.

[Eiichi Aoki and Ryo Aoki]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

和歌山県の海岸部および三重県東部を走るJRの線路名称。亀山(かめやま)―新宮(しんぐう)間180.2キロメートルが東海旅客鉄道、新宮―和歌山市間204.0キロメートルが西日本旅客鉄道に属する。紀伊田辺(きいたなべ)―和歌山間のみ複線化。新宮―和歌山間が1978年(昭和53)に直流電化されている。紀伊半島の海岸を走り、沿線に海南、有田(ありだ)、御坊(ごぼう)、田辺、新宮、熊野、尾鷲(おわせ)、松阪、津などの都市、吉野熊野国立公園に属する観光地がある。その建設はきわめて長期にわたっており、開業から全通まで68年を費やしている。亀山―津間は1891年(明治24)関西鉄道により、津―多気(たき)(旧、相可口(おうかぐち))間は1893年参宮鉄道によりそれぞれ開業し、1907年(明治40)国有化された(1909年参宮線の一部となる)。また、新宮―紀伊勝浦間は1912~1913年(大正1~2)新宮鉄道により開業、1934年(昭和9)国有化されて紀勢中線となった。大正中期に至って、沿岸航路に依存していた紀伊半島沿岸に鉄道を建設することが決定され、1920年に相可口(現、多気)より、翌年和歌山(現、紀和(きわ))より、それぞれ着工され、国有化後は、一部路線を改築した紀勢中線を含め、和歌山―紀伊木本(きのもと)(現、熊野市)間を1924~1940年に(紀勢西線)、相可口―尾鷲間を1923~1934年に(紀勢東線)開業した。第二次世界大戦のため工事はいったん中止されたが、戦後の1952年(昭和27)再開され、1956~1959年に残る尾鷲―紀伊木本間を開業して全通した。全通とともに参宮線亀山―多気間を含め、亀山―和歌山間を紀勢本線とし、1972年、和歌山線紀和―和歌山市間を編入して現在の区間となった。天王寺(てんのうじ)より阪和(はんわ)線経由で特急電車が直通運転されるようになったが、途中に急曲線区間が多いため、特殊な振子(ふりこ)電車が用いられている。1987年、日本国有鉄道の分割民営化で、東海、西日本の両旅客鉄道に分けられ所属。新宮―和歌山間は、きのくに線と愛称される。

[青木栄一・青木 亮]

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