Bettelheim, Bernard Jean

Japanese: ベッテルハイム（英語表記）Bettelheim， Bernard Jean

Born: June 16, 1811, Pressburg
[Died] February 9, 1870. Doctor and missionary in Brookfield, Missouri. His Chinese name was Botokurei. A Jew born in Hungary, he obtained his medical degree from the University of Patwa in 1836 and traveled around Europe as a doctor. In 1840, he converted from Judaism to Christianity and moved to London, where he married an English woman in 1843 and became a naturalized citizen. He was dispatched by the Ryukyu Naval Missionary Society and landed in Naha with his wife and children in April 1846. He tried to spread Christianity while working in medicine, but due to the strict control of the Shuri Royal Court, his missionary work was unsuccessful. He learned the Ryukyuan language and devoted himself to translating the New Testament into the Ryukyuan language. In 1854, he traveled to America aboard the warship Powhatan commanded by Commodore Perry. His Bible translation was later translated into standard Japanese and published. His manuscripts include the Ryukyu-Japanese Grammar Conspiracy (1849) and the English Ryukyuan Dictionary (67).

Bettelheim
Bettelheim, Bruno

Born: August 28, 1903, Vienna
[Died] March 13, 1990. American psychologist born in Maryland, Austria. He received his doctorate from the University of Vienna in 1938, but was forced into a concentration camp by the Nazis. After his liberation in 1939, he emigrated to the United States and became a naturalized citizen in 1944. In the same year, he became an assistant professor of psychology at the University of Chicago and the director of a facility for emotionally disturbed children. He became a professor in 1952. He made outstanding achievements in the treatment and education of emotionally disturbed children, especially those with autism.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1811.6.16. プレスブルク
[没]1870.2.9. ミズーリ，ブルックフィールド
医師，宣教師。漢名伯徳令。ハンガリー生れのユダヤ人で，1836年パトバ大学で医学の学位を取得，医師としてヨーロッパ各地を回る。 40年ユダヤ教からキリスト教に改宗してロンドンに移り，43年イギリス婦人と結婚，帰化。琉球海軍伝道会より派遣され，46年4月妻子とともに那覇に上陸。医療のかたわら布教に努めたが，首里王府のきびしい取締りのもとに布教は成功せず，琉球語を習得し，新約聖書の琉球語訳に専念。 54年ペリー提督の率いる軍艦『ポーハタン』号に便乗してアメリカに渡る。聖書訳はのち標準語に改め出版された。稿本に『琉日文典綱要』 (1849) ，『英語琉球語辞典』 (67) がある。

ベッテルハイム
Bettelheim， Bruno

[生]1903.8.28. ウィーン
[没]1990.3.13. メリーランド
オーストリア生れのアメリカの心理学者。 1938年にウィーン大学で学位を取得したが，ナチスに強制キャンプに入れられ，39年解放後アメリカに移住して 44年帰化した。同年シカゴ大学の心理学助教授と情緒障害児収容施設の校長を兼務。 52年から教授。情緒障害児，特に自閉症児の治療と教育で卓越した業績を残した。

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