Occupational disease - gyomujoushippei

Japanese: 業務上疾病 - ぎょうむじょうしっぺい

A general term for illnesses and injuries caused by work that are stipulated by law. Article 35 of the Enforcement Regulations of the Labor Standards Act lists 36 types of occupational illnesses, and furthermore, it allows for the addition of other illnesses designated by the Minister of Labor, and new occupational illnesses that are clearly caused by work. If an illness is recognized as an occupational illness, the employer must provide accident compensation such as medical compensation, compensation for absence from work, disability compensation, and compensation for surviving family members, in accordance with the Labor Standards Act and the Workmen's Accident Compensation Insurance Act. The Labor Standards Inspection Office determines whether an illness is occupational or not according to the certification criteria. In 1991, 11,951 cases of occupational illness were recognized. The most common illness was injury-related illness, accounting for about 76% of the total, and of these, about 70% were back pain. However, independent business owners such as agricultural workers are not considered employees under the Labor Standards Act, and therefore cannot receive compensation for occupational illnesses even if they suffer from the same occupational illness.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

業務に起因する疾病，負傷で，法に定められたものの総称。労働基準法施行規則第 35条に業務上の疾病として 36種をあげ，さらに，そのほか労働大臣の指定する疾病，そのほか業務に起因することの明らかな疾病として新しい職業病をも加えうるようになっている。業務上疾病として認定されると，労働基準法，労働者災害補償保険法により，療養補償，休業補償，障害補償，遺族補償などの災害補償を使用者が行わなければならない。業務上か否かの認定は労働基準監督署が認定基準に従って行う。 1991年では1万 1951件の業務上疾病が認定されている。最も多いのは負傷に起因する疾病で全体の約 76%，このうち腰痛症が約 70%である。ただし，農業従事者などの独立経営者は，同じ職業病にかかっても，労働基準法でいう労働者ではないため，業務上疾病としての補償は受けられない。

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