…Such a superheated liquid can be obtained by heating the liquid very slowly while keeping it still. The superheated state occurs because the low-temperature phase remains metastable (not the most stable thermodynamically, but stable against minute fluctuations) even when the temperature is higher than the transition temperature. Even in the case of a superheated liquid, if it is subjected to a relatively large external shock, the metastable state can be destroyed and it can boil explosively (bumping). Conversely, the phenomenon in which the original phase (high-temperature phase) remains even when the temperature is below the transition temperature is called supercooling. … *Some of the terminology that refers to "overheating" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…このような過熱液体は,液体を静かに保ったまま非常にゆっくりと加熱することによって得ることができる。過熱状態は,転移温度より高温になっても低温相が準安定状態(熱力学的に最も安定というわけではないが,微小なゆらぎに対しては安定な状態)にとどまっているために起こり,過熱液体の場合も,外からある程度大きな衝撃を与えたりすると準安定状態がくずれて,爆発的に沸騰(突沸)することがある。逆に,転移温度以下になってももとの相(高温相)が存在する現象を過冷却という。… ※「過熱状態」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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