...This experiment proved that it was atmospheric pressure that balanced the weight of the mercury column in the glass tube, but Torricelli and B. Pascal had already observed at that time that atmospheric pressure fluctuates and that the air pressure is lower at mountain tops. This vacuum experiment led to the invention of the mercury barometer, and its measurement principle is still widely used today as a liquid column pressure gauge. In 1860, R. Boyle discovered Boyle's Law by compressing air using a mercury column in a U-shaped glass tube with one end closed, and measuring pressure from the difference in the height of the mercury column inside the U-tube. ... *Some of the terms used in reference to "liquid column pressure gauges" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…この実験により,ガラス管内の水銀柱の重量とつり合っているのは大気の圧力であることが立証されたのであるが,当時すでにトリチェリやB.パスカルによって,大気圧が変動することや山の頂上では気圧が低くなることが観測された。この真空実験は水銀気圧計の発明であり,その測定原理は液柱型圧力計として今もなお広く用いられている。60年にはR.ボイルが一端を閉じたU字管形のガラス管内の水銀柱を使って空気を圧縮し,U字管内の水銀柱の高さの差から圧力を測る実験によりボイルの法則を発見した。… ※「液柱型圧力計」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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