Kasagumo - Cap cloud

Japanese: 笠雲 - かさぐも
Kasagumo - Cap cloud

A cap-shaped cloud that occurs near the summit of a mountain with an isolated peak. A special type of cloud that occurs due to mountains. The cap clouds of Mount Fuji are particularly famous and are often seen from autumn to early winter. Abe Masanao (1891-1966) closely observed the shape of cap clouds and classified them into 20 types. When a warm front is present near the summit, the atmosphere near the front is very stable, so the air current smoothly crosses the summit. If the humidity at a certain altitude is higher than that above or below it, when that air layer crosses the mountain, water vapor condenses above a certain altitude and cap clouds are formed. Therefore, the shape of the cap cloud indicates the route that the air current will take to cross the mountain, and even if the wind is strong, it will not be blown to the lee side of the peak. The center of a temperate cyclone is often located on the west side of the mountain, so cap clouds are a sign of rain.

[Ryuji Kimura]

Mount Fuji's Cap Clouds (Classification of 20 Types)
©Takashi Aoki

Mount Fuji's Cap Clouds (Classification of 20 Types)


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

孤立した頂をもつ山の山頂付近に発生する笠状の雲。山岳が原因で生じる特殊な雲の一種。富士山の笠雲はとくに有名で、秋から初冬にかけてしばしばみられる。阿部正直(まさなお)(1891―1966)は笠雲の形を詳しく観察して20種に分類した。温暖前線面が山頂付近に存在すると、前線面付近の大気の安定度が大きいので、気流は滑らかに山頂を越える。ある高度の湿度がその上下より高いと、その空気層が山を越えるとき、一定の高度以上で水蒸気が凝結して笠雲が生じる。したがって、笠雲の形は、気流が山を越える経路を示しており、風が強くても山頂の風下側に流されることはない。山の西側には温帯低気圧の中心が存在することが多く、このために笠雲は雨の前兆となる。

[木村龍治]

富士山の笠雲(20種の分類)
©青木 隆">

富士山の笠雲(20種の分類)


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