Revolt circular - Ikkikaijo

…Also called kaibun or kaisho, this form of document was often used in the Middle Ages when ordering people to attend various government offices or when ordering people to appear in court. In the early modern period, circulars were used when feudal lords or deputies conveyed orders to villages under their control, for daily communication between villages, or for documents calling for participation in uprisings (ikki kaijo), but in the early modern period, the term kaijo generally refers to the former. In many cases, documents related to general legal regulations were called hokkishiki, while kaijo mainly consisted of orders to collect taxes and labor, and temporary notices, but hokkishiki were also usually transmitted in the form of circulars, making it difficult to distinguish between them in paleographic studies. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that refer to "Ikki Circular" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…廻文，廻章とも言い，中世には，諸役への参勤や訴訟当事者の出頭を令する際に，この形式の文書が多く用いられた。近世では，領主や代官が支配下の村々に命令を伝える場合や，村々の日常的な連絡あるいは一揆への参加を呼びかける文書(一揆廻状)に，廻状が使用されたが，ふつう近世で廻状と言えば，前者を指す。多くの場合，一般的法規制にかかわる文書が触書と呼ばれたのに対し，廻状は年貢，夫役の徴収命令や臨時の通達などを主としたが，触書もふつうは廻状形式をとって伝達されるのであり，古文書学上の区別は難しい。…

※「一揆廻状」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報