A general term for birds in the family Corvidae, such as the genus Corvus and the genus Pyrrhocorax . The Corvidae family consists of 130 species, and is a group of birds with a highly developed learning ability, adapting to all environments from plains to alpine zones around the world. Of these, 46 species are in the genus Corvus and 2 species are in the genus Pyrrhocorax. They are 30-69 cm long and are found all over the world, except South America, New Zealand, and most islands in the South Pacific. Many species are beautiful black with a metallic luster, and in Japan, the carrion crow, large-billed crow, jackdaw (with a white belly and back of the neck), rook, and raven are found. The first two species live all year round in various parts of Japan, and the last three species migrate to Japan as winter birds (→migratory birds). Other species with the name crow include the common jackdaw, which is closely related to the genus Corvus. Note that dippers and pied crows are not part of the Crow family, but belong to the Cinclidae and Cracticidae families, respectively. Crow |
スズメ目カラス科 Corvidaeのカラス属 Corvus,ベニハシガラス属 Pyrrhocorax などの鳥の総称。カラス科は 130種からなり,鳥類のなかでも学習能力がよく発達したグループで,世界中の平地から高山帯のあらゆる環境に適応している。そのうちカラス属は 46種,ベニハシガラス属は 2種からなる。全長 30~69cm,南アメリカとニュージーランド,南太平洋の大部分の島を除き,世界中に分布する。多くの種は全身が金属光沢のある美しい黒色で,日本にはハシボソガラス,ハシブトガラス,コクマルガラス(腹や後頸が白い),ミヤマガラス,ワタリガラスが分布している。前 2種は日本各地に一年中生息し,後 3種は冬鳥(→渡り鳥)として渡来する。このほかカラスと名のつくものに,カラス属に近縁のホシガラスなどがある。なおカワガラス,フエガラスなどはカラス科ではなく,それぞれカワガラス科 Cinclidaeとフエガラス科 Cracticidaeの鳥である。
カラス
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