Sclera - sclera

Japanese: 鞏膜 - きょうまく

〘Noun〙 (translation of hardevlies) A white, strong and flexible membrane that surrounds the outermost layer of the eyeball. The membrane in the white part of the eye. The white membrane. [Kaitai Shinsho (1774)] [Glossary] In Kaitai Shinsho it was translated as "sclera", but in Kaitai Shinsho (Revised Kaitai Shinsho) (1826 ) it was changed to the character "鞏", stating "It is firm. It has six moving muscles that are intricately intertwined to form a firm and thick structure, hence the name", and this became established in the Medical Words Collection ( 1872 ) and later.

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙 (hardevlies の訳語) 眼球の最外層をとりまく白色の強くてしなやかな膜。白目の部位の膜。白膜。〔解体新書（1774）〕[語誌]「解体新書」では「強膜」と訳されたが、「重訂解体新書」（一八二六）では「鞏固なり。是れ運動六筋、錯綜聚合して鞏固重厚を為すを以て故に此名あり」として「鞏」の字に改められ、「医語類聚」（一八七二）以降、定着するようになる。

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