Isshikida - Isshikida

A type of cultivated land that makes up a manor, along with myoden (named fields) and kyumenden (exempt fields). Directly controlled by the manor lord, it was also called sanden (scattered fields) because it was allocated to farmers every spring during the agricultural promotion campaign. Myoden, which has descended from public fields since ancient times, was taxed both with tax and miscellaneous public duties, whereas sanden only had to pay one type of tax (mainly tax), hence the name. However, todai was higher than myoden. It often became a place name in later years, and the Isshiki clan, a branch of the Ashikaga clan, originated from Isshiki in Kira-sho, Mikawa Province (Aichi Prefecture).

[Kimura Shigemitsu]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

名田(みょうでん)、給免田(きゅうめんでん)などとともに荘園(しょうえん)を構成する耕地の一種。荘園領主の直属地で、毎年春の勧農のとき農民に割り当てられたので散田(さんでん)ともいわれた。古代以来の公田の系譜を引く名田が年貢、雑公事(ぞうくじ)双方を賦課されたのに対し、一色（1種類）の課役(かやく)（おもに年貢）だけを負担すればよかったのでこの名がついた。しかし、斗代(とだい)は名田よりも高かった。後世地名化することが多く、足利(あしかが)氏の一族一色氏は三河国（愛知県）吉良庄(きらのしょう)一色からおこった。

［木村茂光］

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