STP - STP

Japanese: STP - えすてぃーぴー
STP - STP
Abbreviation of Spanning Tree Protocol. A protocol used in spanning trees to prevent packet loops when there are multiple routes and to increase the fault tolerance of networks. It is a function installed in switches, and most intelligent switches for enterprises and layer 3 switches support it. In STP, switches exchange information called "BPDU (Bridge Protocol Data Unit)". BPDU contains a value called "bridge ID (different for each switch)". Based on this bridge ID, a "root bridge" that plays a central role is selected from the switches that make up the spanning tree. Other switches normally use only the shortest route to the root bridge. If a failure occurs and some routes are cut off, the tree is recalculated and automatically switched to a new route. However, STP has the problem that communication is cut off for about 40 to 50 seconds when a failure occurs because all ports are blocked while the route is being recalculated.

Source: ASCII.jp Digital Dictionary About ASCII.jp Digital Dictionary Information

Japanese:
Spanning Tree Protocolの略。複数経路があった場合のパケットのループを防ぐほか、ネットワークの耐障害性を高めるスパニングツリーで利用されるプロトコル。スイッチに搭載されている機能で、企業向けのインテリジェントスイッチやレイヤー3スイッチであれば、ほぼ対応している。STPでは、スイッチ同士が「BPDU(Bridge Protocol Data Unit)」と呼ばれる情報を交換する。BPDUには「ブリッジID(スイッチごとに異なる)」と呼ばれる値が含まれる。このブリッジIDをもとに、スパニングツリーを構成したスイッチのなかから、中心的な役割を果たす「ルートブリッジ」を決める。他のスイッチは、通常時はルートブリッジへの最短経路以外は使わないようにする。そして、いざ障害が発生して一部の経路が不通になった場合は、ツリーの再計算が行なわれて、自動的に新しい経路に切り替わるという仕組みだ。ただしSTPは、経路の再計算中にすべてのポートがブロックされるようになっているため、障害発生時に40~50秒程度通信が遮断されるという問題点もある。

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