…These concave and convex parts on the surface of the material are called intrusions and extrusions, respectively, and these concave and convex parts are often the site of fatigue crack initiation because higher stress is concentrated in these parts than in other parts. When the surface (fracture surface) of a material that has been broken by fatigue is observed with a scanning electron microscope, regular stripes are seen. These stripes are called striations, and are formed as the fatigue crack progresses, and are characteristic of fatigue fracture surfaces. Striations are formed by repeated localized plastic strain at the tip of the fatigue crack due to cyclic loading. … From [Fractography]…This indicates that the crack propagated in the direction where several tributaries join, like the flow of a river. On the fatigue fracture surface, regular stripes called striations that correspond to the stress cycle are observed, and the direction of crack growth and propagation speed can be determined. These are only representative examples, but various other fracture forms have been analyzed by fractography. … *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "striation" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…また,材料表面部のこれらの凹部,凸部は,おのおの入りこみintrusion,突出しextrusionと呼ばれ,これらの凹凸部に,他の部分よりも高い応力が集中して,疲労亀裂の発生位置となる場合が多い。 疲労により破断した面(破面)を走査型電子顕微鏡により観察すると,規則的な縞模様が見られるが,この縞模様はストライエーションstriationと呼ばれ,疲労亀裂進展に伴い形成されるもので,疲労による破面に特徴的に現れる。ストライエーションは,周期的な荷重によって,疲労亀裂の先端で,局部的な塑性ひずみが繰り返されることにより形成される。… 【フラクトグラフィー】より…これは,川の流れと同様にいくつかの支流が合流する方向に亀裂が伝播したことを物語る。疲労破壊面上では,ストライエーションstriationと呼ばれる応力周期と一致した規則正しい縞模様が観察され,亀裂の進展方向,伝播速度などがわかる。これらは代表例にすぎないが,そのほかさまざまな破壊形態がフラクトグラフィーにより解析されている。… ※「striation」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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