A political party in Bangladesh that led the Bangladesh War of Independence. Founded by M. Bhashani in 1949 during the East Pakistan era. In December 1970, the Awami League won a majority of seats in Pakistan's first direct parliamentary elections, which led to East Pakistan's demand for autonomy escalating into a war of independence, and the country achieved independence in December 1971. The Awami League won a landslide victory in the first general election after independence in March 1973, and took power under M. Rahman, proclaiming four national principles: socialism, nationalism, secularism, and democracy. However, mismanagement continued, and Rahman was assassinated in a coup in August 1975, and the Awami League was banned. It was revived as a political party in 1978, and Rahman's eldest daughter, Sheikh Hasina Wased, was elected as its leader in 1981. It became the largest opposition party in the 1991 general election, and the following year it abandoned socialism from its four national principles. In the general elections of June 1996, the party became the largest, and Hasina became prime minister. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
バングラデシュ独立戦争を指導したバングラデシュの政党。東パキスタン時代の 49年に M.バシャニによって結成。 70年 12月,パキスタン初の国会議員直接選挙でアワミ連盟が議席の過半数を制したことをきっかけに,東パキスタン自治権要求は分離独立戦争へエスカレートし,71年 12月に独立を達成。 73年3月に実施された独立後初の総選挙で圧勝し,M.ラーマンのもとでアワミ連盟が政権を担当し,「社会主義,民族主義,政教分離主義,民主主義」の国家4原則を掲げた。しかし,失政が続き,75年8月のクーデターでラーマンは殺害され,同連盟も活動禁止措置を受けた。 78年には政党として復活し,81年にはラーマンの長女シェイク・ハシナ・ワセドが党首に選出された。 91年総選挙で野党第1党となり,翌年には党是である国家4原則のなかから社会主義を放棄した。 96年6月の総選挙では第1党となり,ハシナ党首が首相に就任した。
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