This refers to a state in which the relationship between acid and base in the blood is base dominant, i.e., an increase in blood pH. Normally, a strong regulatory function works to maintain the blood pH at 7.40, but there are cases where an abnormal accumulation of base or a lack of acid occurs, and a state in which the pH is approximately 7.44 or higher is called alkalosis. If the pH exceeds 7.60, muscle spasms called tetany occur, creating a dangerous condition. Alkalosis is broadly divided into two types: respiratory and metabolic. The former is a group of hyperventilation symptoms caused by hysteria or other conditions where the suppression of hyperventilation is no longer effective, while the latter is a condition seen when a large amount of hydrochloric acid is lost from the stomach due to vomiting or other causes. [Yoshiyuki Honda] [Reference] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
血液中の酸と塩基との関係が塩基優位の状態、すなわち血液pHの上昇をいう。通常、血液はpH7.40に保たれるように強い調節作用が働いているが、塩基の異常な蓄積ないしは酸の欠乏がおこる場合があり、おおよそpH7.44以上になる状態をアルカローシスとよぶ。pH7.60以上になると、テタニーtetanyといわれる筋肉のけいれんがおきて危険状態となる。 アルカローシスは呼吸性と代謝性に2大別される。前者はヒステリーなどで換気亢進(こうしん)の抑制が効かなくなった過換気症状群であり、後者は嘔吐(おうと)などによって胃から大量の塩酸が失われたときなどにみられる症状である。 [本田良行] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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