…Here, the dog, to which the action of kicking is directed, is the subject, and the actor (John), who appeared as the subject in the previous sentence, is introduced by the preposition. In such cases, the verb is in the passive voice, which in English takes the form of the verb to be + past participle. In English and other languages, only the active and passive voices are distinguished, but in Greek, for example, there is also the middle voice. … *Some terminology explanations that mention "passive voice" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…ここでは〈kick〉という動作が向けられるthe dogが主語になっていて,前の文で主語としてあらわれた行為者(John)は前置詞に導かれている。このような場合動詞は受動態passive voiceであり,英語ではbe動詞+過去分詞の形をとる。英語などではこの能動と受動の二つの態だけが区別されるが,たとえばギリシア語などでは,さらに中間態middle voiceが存在する。… ※「passive voice」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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