It is a national tax introduced by the Local Road Tax Law in 1955 (Showa 30) to improve the financial resources of local public organizations for local roads, and is one of the special purpose taxes. All declarations and payments of the local road tax are made together with the gasoline tax, and the taxable objects, tax base, and taxpayers are the same as those of the gasoline tax. For this reason, the local road tax and the gasoline tax are sometimes collectively called the gasoline tax. The tax base of the local road tax is the quantity of gasoline that is the tax base of the gasoline tax, which is the quantity of gasoline shipped from the gasoline manufacturing plant or the quantity of gasoline taken from the bonded area minus the quantity that is reduced by storage and transportation until it is sold to the consumer. When gasoline is taken from the manufacturing plant or bonded area, it is collected from the person who takes it (or the consumer, in the case of gasoline consumed in the manufacturing plant or bonded area). The local road tax is a specific tax, and the tax rate was set at 2,000 yen per kiloliter of gasoline. However, as a special measure, the amount of gasoline tax and local gasoline tax on gasoline shipped from gasoline manufacturing plants or taken from bonded areas between 1993 and 2018 was calculated at a tax rate of 48,600 yen per kiloliter of gasoline for the gasoline tax, and at a tax rate of 5,200 yen for the local road tax, notwithstanding the provisions of Article 9 of the Gasoline Tax Act and Article 4 of the Local Gasoline Tax Act. On the other hand, in recent years, efforts have been made to turn road-specific revenue sources into general revenue sources, and the special tax rates for gasoline tax, etc., the special tax rates for gasoline tax and local road tax stipulated in the Special Taxation Measures Act, and the Local Tax Act were abolished as of March 31, 2008, and the standard tax rates of 24,300 yen per kiloliter for gasoline tax and 4,400 yen per kiloliter for local road tax were applied from April 1 to April 30 of the same year. However, the special tax rates were then extended from May 1 of the same year to March 31, 2018, and the tax rates of 48,600 yen per kiloliter for gasoline tax and 5,200 yen per kiloliter for local road tax were applied. [Masatoshi Hayashi] [Reference item] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
地方公共団体の地方道路財源の充実を図るために1955年(昭和30)に地方道路税法によって導入された国税であり、目的税の一つである。地方道路税の申告納付などはすべて揮発油税とあわせて行われることになっており、課税物件、課税標準、納税義務者なども揮発油税の場合と同様である。このため、地方道路税と揮発油税を総称してガソリン税とよぶこともある。地方道路税の課税標準は、揮発油税の課税標準となる揮発油の数量であり、揮発油の製造場から移出した揮発油または保税地域から引き取る揮発油の数量から、消費者に販売するまでに貯蔵および輸送により減少する数量を控除したものである。製造場または保税地域から揮発油を引き取るとき、その引取人(製造場または保税地域において消費される揮発油については、その消費者)から徴収される。 地方道路税は従量税であり、その税率は揮発油1キロリットルにつき2000円に定められた。しかし、特例措置として1993年(平成5)から2018年までの間に揮発油の製造場から移出され、または保税地域から引き取られる揮発油に係る揮発油税および地方揮発油税の税額は、揮発油税法第9条および地方揮発油税法第4条の規定にかかわらず、揮発油1キロリットルにつき、揮発油税にあっては4万8600円の税率により計算した金額とし、地方道路税にあっては5200円の税率により計算した金額とされた。他方、近年において道路特定財源の一般財源化が図られ、揮発油税等の税率の特例や租税特別措置法の規定による揮発油税および地方道路税の税率の特例並びに地方税法は、2008年3月31日限り廃止され、同年4月1日から4月30日までは1キロリットルにつき揮発油税2万4300円、地方道路税4400円の本則税率が適用された。しかし、その後同年5月1日から2018年3月31日まで税率の特例が延長され、1キロリットルにつき揮発油税4万8600円、地方道路税5200円の税率がそれぞれ適用されることとなった。 [林 正寿] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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