Reverse transcription

Japanese: reverse transcription(英語表記)reversetranscription
Reverse transcription

… In the case of RNA viruses, which have RNA as their genetic material, mRNA is synthesized using RNA as a template, a process also called transcription. In retroviruses, a reaction is known in which DNA is synthesized using RNA as a template, a reaction called reverse transcription, catalyzed by RNA-dependent DNA polymerase (also called reverse transcriptase).
[Translation of genetic information]
The genetic information transcribed as the base sequence of mRNA is converted into a sequence of amino acids on the ribosome; this process is called translation.

*Some of the terminology used in relation to “reverse transcription” is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

… 遺伝子本体としてRNAをもつRNAウイルスの場合,mRNAはRNAを鋳型に合成されるが,この過程も転写と呼ばれる。レトロウイルス類ではRNAを鋳型にDNAを合成する反応が知られており,逆転写reverse transcriptionと呼ばれ,RNA依存性DNAポリメラーゼ(逆転写酵素とも呼ばれる)がこの反応を触媒する。
[遺伝情報の翻訳]
 mRNAの塩基配列として転写された遺伝情報は,リボソーム上でアミノ酸の配列にうつしかえられるが,この過程を翻訳translationという。…

※「reverse transcription」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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