Bureau of Pharmacy - Tenyakuryo

One of the government offices (kanshi) established under the statute of ordinances. It was under the jurisdiction of the Imperial Household Ministry. Its Japanese name is pronounced "Kusuri no Tsukasa" (Medicine Office), and its Chinese name is Taiisho (Great Medical Office) and Shoyakukyoku (Prefectural Pharmacy). It is responsible for medicines, treatment, and the botanical garden. The staff includes one head, one assistant, one supervisor, one senior member, one junior member, as well as doctors, medical doctors, medical students, acupuncturists, needle doctors, needle students, massage therapists, massage doctors, massage students, exorcists, exorcists, exorcists, medicinal gardeners, medicinal garden students, messengers, and direct officials, and is also attached to the medicine masters and breast masters. In later years, the positions of head of the Bureau of Medicine, assistant, and doctor of medicine became hereditary through the Wake and Tamba families.

[Naohiko Watanabe]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

令(りょう)制官司(かんし)の一つ。宮内省の被管。和名で「くすりのつかさ」と読み、唐名は大医署(たいいしょ)、尚薬局(しょうやくきょく)にあてる。薬剤、治療、薬園のことをつかさどる。職員には頭(かみ)、助(すけ)、允(じょう)、大属(だいさかん)、少属各1人のほか、医師、医博士(いはかせ)、医生(いしょう)、針師、針博士、針生、案摩(あんま)師、案摩博士、案摩生、呪禁(じゅごん)師、呪禁博士、呪禁生、薬園(やくおん)師、薬園生、使部(つかいべ)、直丁(じきちょう)があり、薬戸(やくこ)と乳戸(にゅうこ)が付属する。後世、典薬頭、助、医博士は和気(わけ)、丹波(たんば)両氏の世襲となった。

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