A collective term for about 200 indigenous languages spoken on the Australian continent. Total number of speakers: about 47,000. The strong phonological similarities, the similarity of some grammatical features, and the existence of common words suggest the possibility of a common ancestor. Based on the way nouns and verbs are inflected, they are classified into (1) prefix languages, (2) suffix languages, and (3) mixed languages. (1) is further classified by the way nouns are classified, and (2) and (3) are further classified by geographical distribution. The kinship with the languages of Papua, Melanesia, Tasmania, etc. has not yet been proven. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
オーストラリア大陸に行われる,先住民の約 200の言語の総称。話し手総数約4万 7000人。音韻面の類似が大きいこと,いくつかの文法上の特色に類似がみられること,共通の単語がみられることから,一つの共通祖語の存在の可能性も考えられる。名詞や動詞の屈折の仕方から,(1) 接頭辞言語群,(2) 接尾辞言語群,(3) 混合言語群に分類され,(1) は名詞の類別法によって,(2) ,(3) は地理的分布によって,それぞれさらに細かく分類される。パプア,メラネシア,タスマニアなどの諸言語との親縁関係はまだ証明されていない。
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