Kinshasa - Kinshasa (English spelling)

Japanese: キンシャサ - きんしゃさ(英語表記)Kinshasa
Kinshasa - Kinshasa (English spelling)

The capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (formerly Zaire) in central Africa. It is located on the left bank of the downstream Stanley Pool (lake area) of the Congo River (Zaire River), facing Brazzaville, the capital of the Republic of the Congo on the opposite bank. Population 4,885,000 (1999). Formerly called Léopoldville after Belgian King Leopold II, it was renamed to its current name in 1966. Kinshasa was the name of the village when explorer Stanley established a base for colonial construction. It is the political, economic, transportation and cultural center of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and was the seat of the Governor-General during the Belgian colonial period. It is the starting point of inland waterways including the Congo River, and is connected by rail to the port of Matadi, near the mouth of the Congo River. The population did not reach 100,000 until around 1940, but it expanded rapidly from the 1950s, reaching 900,000 in 1967, 1.2 million in 1973, 2.7 million in 1980, 3.8 million in 1991, and an estimated 4.885 million in 1999. More than half of the population is made up of local Congolese people, who hold political and economic control, but there is also a large influx of people from all over the country and neighboring Angola. For this reason, Lingala is widely used as a common language. The city area, which was built during the colonial period, is lined with modern high-rise buildings and shops around the central "June 30 (Independence Day) Boulevard," and spacious residential areas spread out. Facilities such as golf courses and zoos are also located in the center. On the other hand, the Kasavubu and Girigiri districts to the south of the old town are residential areas for Africans that were built in response to the population increase from the 1930s to the 1960s.

[Ken Akasaka]

[References] | Congo River | Democratic Republic of the Congo | Stanley | Stanley Pool

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

アフリカ中央部、コンゴ民主共和国(旧ザイール)の首都。コンゴ川(ザイール川)のスタンリー・プール(湖沼地帯)下流左岸に位置し、対岸のコンゴ共和国の首都ブラザビルと向かい合う。人口488万5000(1999)。かつてはベルギー国王レオポルド2世にちなんでレオポルドビルLéopoldvilleといったが、1966年、現在名に改称した。キンシャサとは、探検家スタンリーが植民地建設の基地を設立した当時の村名である。コンゴ民主共和国の政治、経済、交通、文化の中心地で、ベルギー植民地時代には総督府が置かれた。コンゴ川をはじめとする内陸水運の起点で、コンゴ川河口近くにあるマタディ港とは鉄道で結ばれる。1940年ごろまでの人口は10万に達しなかったが、50年代から急速に膨張し、67年には90万、73年には120万に達し、80年では270万、91年380万、99年488万5000と推定される。住民は地元のコンゴ人が人口の半分以上を占め、政治的にも経済的にも支配権を握っているが、全国各地や隣国アンゴラからの人口流入も多い。そのため共通語としてのリンガラ語が広く用いられている。植民地時代に建設された市域は、中心街の「6月30日(独立記念日)大通り」の周辺に近代的な高層ビルや商店が建ち並び、ゆったりした敷地の住宅街が広がっている。ゴルフ場や動物園などの施設も中心部にある。一方、旧市街の南方のカサブブ地区やギリギリ地区などは、1930~60年代にかけての人口増加に伴い建設されたアフリカ人の居住区である。

[赤阪 賢]

[参照項目] | コンゴ川 | コンゴ民主共和国 | スタンリー | スタンリー・プール

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