Agamemnon - Agamemnon (English spelling)

Japanese: アガメムノン - あがめむのん(英語表記)Agamemnōn
Agamemnon - Agamemnon (English spelling)

Hero of Greek mythology. Son of Atreus, King of Mycenae, brother of Menelaus, lord of Sparta. With his wife Clytaemnestra, he had three daughters, Iphigeneia, Electra, and a son, Orestes. He served as the commander-in-chief of the Greek army in the Trojan War. When the Greek fleet gathered at Aulis, he boasted about his hunting skills, so the goddess Artemis became angry and stopped the winds, preventing them from setting sail. So he followed the advice of the prophet Calchas and offered his daughter Iphigeneia as a sacrifice to Artemis. Also, in Troy, he stole the beautiful Briseis from the hero Achilles, who retreated from the battlefield, putting the Greek army in danger, so he returned Briseis and asked for reconciliation. After the capture of Troy, Agamemnon returned home, ignoring the prophecy of the Trojan princess Cassandra, and was assassinated by his wife Clytaemnestra and her lover Aegisthus in a conspiracy. There is a story of revenge by his son Orestes. Overall, Agamemnon is a hero who surpasses others in his pride and dignity, rather than in his bravery or intelligence. This story, along with the Coephoroi and the Eumenides, forms part of the ancient Greek tragedy Oresteia.

[Masahiro Ogawa]

[Reference] | Orestaia

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ギリシア神話の英雄。アトレウスの子で、スパルタの城主メネラオスの兄にあたるミケナイ(ミケーネ)の王。妻クリタイムネストラとの間に、イフィゲネイア、エレクトラほか三女と息子オレステスをもうけた。トロヤ戦争ではギリシア軍の総大将として出陣した。ギリシアの艦隊がアウリスに集合したとき、彼は狩りの技を誇ったので、女神アルテミスは怒って風を止め、彼らの出帆を阻んだ。そこで彼は預言者カルカスの忠告に従い、娘イフィゲネイアを、アルテミスの犠牲に捧(ささ)げた。またトロヤでは、英雄アキレウスから美女ブリセイスを奪ったためにアキレウスが戦場から退き、ギリシア軍が危機に瀕(ひん)したので、彼はブリセイスを返して和解を求めた。トロヤ攻略後、アガメムノンは、トロヤの王女カッサンドラの預言を無視して帰国したため、妻クリタイムネストラとその情夫アイギストスの共謀により暗殺された。これには息子オレステスによる復讐(ふくしゅう)の話がある。総じてアガメムノンは、武勇や知謀よりもむしろ誇り高さと威厳において、他をしのぐ英雄である。この物語は『コエフォロイ』『エウメニデス』とともに古代ギリシア悲劇『オレステイア』の一部を構成している。

[小川正広]

[参照項目] | オレステイア

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